Semester Reflection

This semester I learned how to use photoshop and adobe illustrator. I learned how to create pictures out of words. I discovered the different types of fonts. I learned what a pixel is and what they are used for. I learned how to create a picture out of other pictures. Also how to manipulate the colors of the picture. I discovered the difference between CMYK and RBG. I learned how to make textures on the computer. I learned about the color wheel and primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. Next semester I wish to continue doing what I am because I feel that I am doing well, I wish only to improve.

Review week 17

Go to www.ilovetypography.com. Under "Popular Articles", click on "Who Shot the Serif?" Read the article. At the end of the article, the author asks a question. Answer that question in this post and discuss your findings.

Have you learned something? I learned that the word “serif" comes from the Dutch schreef which means “wrote”. also that in Chinese the term, translated literally into English, comes out as “forms with with legs”. so serifs to them are letters with legs.

Review week 16

How many points are in an inch? How many points are in a pica?
72 points in an inch 12 points in a pica

Of the seven classifications, which classification(s) would best work as body type? Why?
san serif

Identify the lowercase characters that have ascenders?
t b d l h f k

Identify the lowercase characters that have descenders?
y q p j g

Classify the following typefaces and briefly explain why you believe it should be classified that way:

modernscript
decorative
san serifold styleslab serifblack letter

Podcast # 4 Typography

Define typography?
the art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate type surfaces

Where did the word "typography" originate from?
the greek words for form and writing
What does typography involve?
creating and modifying type using a variety of illustration techniques

What is a typeface?
distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/ design

What is another term for typeface?
fonts

What is a character?
individual symbols that make up a typeface

What is type style?
modifications in a typeface that create design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface

What does type style "create" within a design?
variety

What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters

What is a base line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the bottom of characters

What is an ascender?
part of a character that extends above waist line

What is a descender?
part of character that extends below base line

Describe a serif?
smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top or bottom of a character

How can the size of the typeface be identified?
vertical measurement

What is a point?
a measure unit that goes from top of the ascender to bottom of the descender

How many points are in an inch?
72

What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
unit of measure, 6

How many points are in a pica?
12

What is body type and where can it be found?
type sizes that range from 4 pt to 12 pt and are found in reading texts

What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
readability

What is display type and how is it used?
type sizes above 12 pt it is used to draw attention

What is reverse type and when would it be used?
white type on a solid black or darker background it is used when to catch attention

What is a typeface classification?
a system for classifying typefaces

When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
1400s resembles calligraphy

Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
elaborate thick and thin strokes

When was Old Style invneted and what was is based on?
1500 and 1600 based on ancient greek scripture

Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
little thick and little thin have serifs

When were formal scripts developed?
1700 and 1800 based on handwriting

When were casual scripts developed?
2000

Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
resembles handwriting

When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
1800 and 1900 to break away from traditions

Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
thick and thin strokes, serifs

How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
500 the renaissance made it disappear

When did they become popular?1920s and 1930s
What does "sans serif" mean?
no serif

Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
all the same size no serifs

When was Slab Serif developed and why?
1900 for advertisement

Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
uniformed look has serifs

Describe Decorative typefaces?
any other font not in other category

Why were they developed?
for a purpose and with a theme in mind

What are they best used for?
large point font

Review week 14

Identify 5 colleges that offer graphic design (or related) majors. For each, list the school name, location, graphics majors that are offered, requirements for admission.

1. Art Institute of Atlanta; Atlanta GA.; Graphic Design, Advertising, Illustration, interior design, digital design, residential interiors; Interview, application, high school transcript, SAT or ACT

2. Art Center College of Design; Pasadena, CA; advertising, fine art, graphic design, illustration, product design; Portfolio, application

3. Reinhardt College; Waleska GA; Digital Art, Advertising, Communication Arts, Graphic Communication, Graphic Design; 2.0 grade point average, SAT or ACT

4. Savannah College of Art and Design; Savannah GA; Advertising, Graphic Design, Illustration, Illustration Design, Sequential Art; Portfolio, Audition, Writing

5. Meredith College; Raleigh, NC; Graphic Design; SAT 970-1170, ACT 19- 24, recommendations, High school transcript

Answer the following questions in your own words...
What is a portfolio?
A portfolio is a combination of pieces you have made

What is the importance of a portfolio? A portfolio shows people your skills, your talents and weaknesses

Review Week 13

For each of the 8 principles of design, find an example that utilizes the principle within the d

esign. You should have 8 DIFFERENT sample designs. For each, discuss how the particular principle is used.

This uses variety because there are different elements used.

This uses contrast because of the difference in the orange flower and the blue background.

this has proportion because the tree isn't bigger than the buildng

Rhythm is used in this image because it flows together.

Unity is used with the birds being together.

repetition is used in the repeating of the swirls in the sky.

emphasis is used with the red dot.

Balance is in this image because of the variety and repetition of circles and squares.

how do you add a layer mask to a particular layer?
to add a layer mask you go to the layers palette and at the bottom you click the button that looks like a square with a circle in the middle.

What two colors are used to create the mask?
Black and white are used to create the mask.

Describe the process of using a layer mask?

To make the layer mask you paint on black to hide areas and paint on white to reveal areas.

Review week 12

How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?
As designers we use principles of design to arrange the elements of design on a page.

What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?repetition: is when you repeat certain elements in a design.

proportion: is the size of elements in a design

balance: is the distribution of elements in a design

emphasis: is stressing an element in a design

unity: is all the elements flowing together

variety: is the use of different elements in a design

rhythm: is kind of like repetition and when you continue elements in a design

contrast: is differences in a design

Stephen Kroninger

What kind of art/design does he produce?
He makes illustrations and animations.

In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
He has been featured in Time, Newsweek, The New Yorker, and The New York Times.

Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...
Was this piece published? Where?
This piece was published in Time.

Balance is used. Balance is used by there not being very much blank space.

Color, lines, and space are being used.

This was published in the Boston Sunday Globe.

Proportion is used by making some things bigger than others.

Texture and space are being used.

What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?
Balance and emphasis are used.

What elements of design were utilized?

Podcast # 3 Principles of Design

Podcast 3

Define principles of design?

Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition

What do the principles of design affect?

The expression of the content or the message of the work

What is the principle of repetition?

Repeating some aspect or element of the design throughout document

Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?

It controls viewers eye and helps them pay attention to the piece it also keeps your piece together

What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?

Bold fonts, thick lines, certain bullet, color, element, space

What should you avoid when working with repetition?

Becoming overwhelming or annoying

What is the principle of proportion/scale?

Relative size and scale of the various elements in design

What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?

Human body

How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?

Unusual or unexpected scale

What is the principle of balance?

Distribution of heavy and light elements on page

Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?

Size, shape, tone (irregular shapes)

What is another name for symmetrical balance?

Formal balance

Define symmetrical balance?

Weight of composition is evenly distributed around central axis

What is another name for asymmetrical balance?

Informal balance

Define asymmetrical balance?

Weight of composition is not evenly distributed around axis

What is the principle of emphasis?

Stressing of particular area of focus rather than maze or details of equal importance

What happens to a design that has no focus?

Nothing stands out

What is a focal point and how is it created?

Center of interest, area where eye goes first. Created by making one element dominant

How many components of a composition can be a focal point?

one

What ways can emphasis be created in a design?

Sudden change in direction size shape color

What is the principle of unity?

The “wholeness” of composition

What three ways can unity be obtained?

1. put objects close to one another

2. make things similar with color texture and shape

3. direct the eye with a line that travels around design

What is the principle of variety?

Differences and diversity

What ways can a designer add variety to a design?

Vary textures, color, shape, contrast, tone, and intensity

Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?

Too much unity is boring but too much variety is chaotic

What is figure?

Form of shape that is naturally perceived

What is another name for figure?

Positive space

What is ground?

Surronding agrea around figure

What is another name for ground?

Negative space

When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?

Abstract relationship between visual elements, which element of design is dominant that is the figure

Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?

So the figure to ground relationship is balanced

What is the principle of rhythm?

Continuity or reoccurrence

How is rhythm achieved?

Repetition of line, shape, value, and texture

What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?

1. intervals between elements and elements have similar sizes

2. organic movement

3. sequence of shapes through progression of steps

How does rhythm help a composition/design?

Helps deliver message, gives life to inanimate page

What is the principle of contrast?

Two related elements are different

How can contrast help a design?

Draws and eye in and guide it through

What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?

Too much similarity is boring but too much contrast is confusing

What is the key to working with contrast?

Make sure the differences are obvious

What are some common ways of creating contrast?

Size value color shape direction movement

Andy Warhol

Within what art genre did Warhol work?
Pop Art

Define the genre?Pop art isolates objects to make them pop out

During what years was he alive?1928- 1987
Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece.

Grevy's Zebra

He uses a split- complementary color scheme.

The artwork is very colorful and very well done!

The Art of Mickey Mouse

He used complementary and analogous colors.

The artwork is repetitive and fun.

Title of the piece?
Describe the color that he utilizes. Does he use any particular color scheme?
What do you notice about the artwork itself?

Color Schemes

triadic
analogous
Monochromatic

complementary

Split- complementary

Week 9 Review

Compare and contrast vector graphics and pixel images.
Vector images are defined by mathematical equations and pixel images have a continuous tone image.

What resolution is necessary to print raster images?
300 dpi

What resolution is necessary to display raster images on the internet?

72 dpi

Steve Jobs

Who is Steve Jobs?
Steve Jobs has the founder and CEO of Apple.

What company was he CEO for many years?
Apple

What did he do for the computer industry?
He helped improve computers technology.

How did this man impact the graphic design industry?

He invented new computers and applications that are used in graphic design industry.

Review week 8

Why must designers pay close attention to how color is utilized within a

composition?
You don't want one color to over power

other colors.

Why is the color wheel an important tool for graphic designers?
the color w

heel shows all the colors and their complement

ary and analogous partners.

Find an exa

mple of neutral colors utilized within a design

(hint: google poster design). Near the sample, discuss wh

y you feel the designer included neutral colors withi

n the composition.

The designer of this image uses good neutral colors of the tan and white background and black butterfly that really make the yellow flower stand out.

Briefly describe how we "see" the color of an object?

An object absorbs or reflects light, the light it reflects is the color we see.

Podcast #2 Color Theory

The right use of color can do what?

it can maximize productivity, minimize visual fatigue, and relax the whole body.

Within the electromagnetic spectrum, which waves allow us to see color?

Visible light waves

Describe white light?

equal parts of all colors in visible spectrum

How do we see color if objects "have no color of their own"?

when they absorb or reflect colors in visible light spectrum, the reflected colors are the colors we see.

What is a glass prism?

it is a transparent triangular object that allows all colors in visible spectrum to be seen.

What seven colors result when white light is refracted through a prism?

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet, Indigo

Describe hue?

a Hue is the color itself

When does white light occur?

when all wavelengths are reflected back to your eye.

When does black light occur?

When no light is reflected back to your eye.

How color is perceived depends on what?

the type of light it is seen with

What is a color wheel?

a visual tool that shows relationship between primary, secondary, and tertiary colors.

What are primary colors? Name them?

colors that can not be made. Red Yellow and Blue

What are secondary colors? Name them?

colors made by adding primary colors together, Orange Purple and Green.

What are tertiary colors? Name them?

Mixture of primary and secondary colors, Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-Violet, and Red-Violet.

What are neutral colors? How can they be created?

Colors that don't show up on color wheel they have low saturation of color.

How can a neutral color help a design?

they help put the focus on other colors and tone down other colors that could become overpowering.

What are complementary colors? Name them?

colors positioned opposite of each other on color wheel. Red and green, Orange and blue, Yellow and violet.

What is color value?

The lightness or darkness of the hue

What is a shade?
a hue with black added to it.

What is a tint?
a Hue with white added to it.

What is saturation/intensity?

Brightness of the color.

What happens when you mix complementary colors together?

you make a dull tone.

Describe color harmony?

a pleasing arrangement of parts, and is pleasing to the eye

What is a color scheme?

a harmonious color combination

Describe a monochromatic color scheme?

uses variations of tints and shades of one color. it is clean, elegant, and easy on the eyes.

Describe an analogous color scheme?

it uses 3 adjacent colors on the color wheel, one color is dominant and the others enrich the scheme. they are found in nature and are pleasing to the eye. they give a bright and cheery effect and accommodate changing moods.

Describe a complementary color scheme?

uses 2 colors opposite of each other on color wheel, attracts attention and is used in nature, makes high contrast composition.

Describe a split-complementary color scheme?

uses 1 color and 2 colors adjacent to its complementary color, will draw attention with out tension of complementary color scheme.

Describe a triadic color scheme?

uses 3 colors equally spaced on color wheel. it offers strong visual balance

What colors are considered to be warm colors?

Red Orange and Yellow

Describe a warm color scheme?

it can be bold and energetic and can overpower other colors.

What colors are considered to be cool colors?

blue, green, violet

Describe a cool color scheme?

it is calm and doesn't overpower other colors, they appear farther away are can add depth

Why is important to consider which colors are being used within a design?

because the meaning of color impacts all visual communications. the right color choice can help convey your message and evoke the desired response